@charset "UTF-8";
:root{--paper:#f5f1e7;--ink:#233b32;--muted:#626c61;--orange:#b84e2d;--line:#d6d5c8;--green:#183d32;--pale:#e9e9dc;--serif:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;--sans:'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:115px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font:16px/1.7 var(--sans)}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:5px}button,input{font:inherit}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}button{cursor:pointer}button:disabled{cursor:default}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--orange);outline-offset:5px}img{max-width:100%;display:block}button{color:inherit}h1,h2,h3,h4,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;line-height:1.08}h1{font-size:clamp(48px,6.5vw,92px);letter-spacing:-3px}h2{font-size:clamp(36px,4vw,54px);letter-spacing:-1.6px}h3{font-size:29px;letter-spacing:-.5px}p{margin-bottom:1.3em}em{font-family:var(--serif)}.wrap{width:min(1280px,calc(100% - 96px));margin:auto}.skip{position:fixed;left:10px;top:-80px;background:var(--paper);padding:12px;z-index:100}.skip:focus{top:10px}.topbar{height:94px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:rgba(245,241,231,.97);position:sticky;top:0;z-index:30}.nav{height:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px}.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;text-decoration:none;line-height:1;gap:13px}.brand-mark{font:43px/.9 var(--serif);color:var(--orange);padding-bottom:4px}.brand strong{display:block;font:23px/1.2 var(--serif);letter-spacing:2px}.brand small{display:block;font:9px/1.7 var(--sans);letter-spacing:2.8px}.navlinks{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:27px}.navlinks a{font-size:13px;text-decoration:none;position:relative;white-space:nowrap}.navlinks a[aria-current=page]:after{content:'';position:absolute;height:2px;background:var(--orange);bottom:-10px;left:0;right:0}.icon-button{border:1px solid var(--line);background:transparent;border-radius:50%;width:40px;height:40px;display:inline-grid;place-items:center;line-height:1;font-size:21px}.icon-button:hover{background:var(--pale)}.menu-button{display:none}.eyebrow{font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:2.3px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--orange);display:block;margin-bottom:23px}.hero{padding:66px 0 48px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.1fr 1fr;gap:65px;align-items:center}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(65px,6.6vw,98px);line-height:1.02;letter-spacing:-4px;margin:0 0 27px}.hero h1 em{color:var(--orange);font-weight:400}.hero .intro{font-size:17px;max-width:445px;color:#566257;line-height:1.8}.actions{display:flex;gap:26px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:30px}.button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:28px;text-decoration:none;background:var(--green);color:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--green);padding:13px 22px;font-size:13px;min-height:48px}.button:hover{background:#2b5345}.text-link{font-size:13px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:5px}.hero-portrait{margin:0;position:relative;padding:0 0 0 22px}.hero-portrait:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:25px;bottom:57px;left:0;width:calc(100% - 23px);border:1px solid #a9b2a1;z-index:-1}.hero-portrait img{width:100%;height:510px;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 29%;filter:sepia(.14)}.portrait-tag{position:absolute;bottom:65px;left:-13px;background:var(--paper);padding:14px 22px;border:1px solid var(--line);font:19px var(--serif);box-shadow:0 4px 25px #00000008}.portrait-tag span{display:block;font:10px/1.8 var(--sans);letter-spacing:2px;margin-top:5px;color:var(--muted)}figcaption{font-size:11px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin-top:16px}figcaption a{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.hero-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:24px 0 30px;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;gap:20px}.hero-bottom span:last-child{color:var(--muted)}.section{padding:82px 0}.section-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:30px;margin-bottom:35px}.section-head h2{margin-bottom:0}.section-head p{margin:0;max-width:330px;font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.dark{background:var(--green);color:var(--paper)}.dark .eyebrow{color:#ddb185}.dark .section-head p{color:#b6c7bb}.carousel{border-top:1px solid #738476;border-bottom:1px solid #738476}.slide{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:65px;padding:46px 0;min-height:310px;align-items:center}.slide[hidden]{display:none}.slide .number{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:2px;color:#bdcabd}.slide h3{font-size:43px;margin:14px 0 18px}.slide p{font-size:14px;max-width:420px;color:#c9d4c8}.slide .text-link{border-color:#9eafa0;color:#f4e5cb;display:inline-block}.formula-art{position:relative;text-align:center;padding:34px 10px;font:clamp(24px,3.2vw,44px)/1.6 var(--serif);color:#e4d5b5;min-width:0}.formula-art small{display:block;font:10px/1.5 var(--sans);letter-spacing:2px;color:#b7c4b5;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:30px}.formula-art:before,.formula-art:after{content:'+';color:#8da38d;position:absolute;font:25px var(--serif);top:0;left:0}.formula-art:after{bottom:0;right:0;top:auto;left:auto}.formula-art .subformula{font-size:24px}.carousel-controls{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-top:24px;gap:20px}.carousel-dots{display:flex;gap:13px;align-items:center}.carousel-dots button{background:none;border:0;border-bottom:2px solid #879b88;color:#b5c5b5;padding:7px 8px;font-size:11px;line-height:1}.carousel-dots button[aria-pressed=true]{border-color:#e6c29a;color:#fff}.carousel-arrows{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}.dark .icon-button{border-color:#6d8472;color:var(--paper)}.dark .icon-button:hover{background:#315444}.play{font-size:11px;background:none;border:0;color:#d8e1d1;min-width:100px}.chapter-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:28px}.chapter{padding:30px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);text-decoration:none;display:block}.chapter .chapter-num{color:var(--orange);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px}.chapter h3{margin:24px 0 18px}.chapter p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.chapter .arrow{display:block;font-size:23px;margin-top:25px}.chapter:hover h3{color:var(--orange)}.quote-band{background:var(--pale);padding:64px 0}.quote-band .wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 3fr;gap:60px}.quote-band blockquote{font:36px/1.35 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.5px;margin:0 0 18px}.quote-band cite{font:11px var(--sans);color:var(--muted)}.journey{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:35px}.journey-item{position:relative;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:26px}.journey-item:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:-5px;left:0;width:9px;height:9px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--orange)}.journey-item b{font:31px var(--serif)}.journey-item p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:13px}.split-feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:90px;align-items:center}.notebook-art{background:#e6dfcd;border:1px solid #d4cab4;padding:35px 40px;transform:rotate(-2deg);box-shadow:5px 14px 24px #22372a12;color:#5c6250}.notebook-art .math-line{font:italic 24px/2 var(--serif);border-bottom:1px solid #b8b39c}.notebook-art small{font:10px var(--sans);letter-spacing:2px}.notebook-art .art-label{font-size:10px;margin-top:23px;line-height:1.6;font-style:normal}.closing{padding:55px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:30px}.closing h3{margin:0;font-size:35px}.footer{background:#eae8dd;padding:40px 0;font-size:11px;color:var(--muted)}.footer-inner{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;align-items:center}.footer p{margin:0;max-width:450px}.footer-links{display:flex;gap:24px}.page-heading{padding:65px 0 45px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.breadcrumb{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:35px}.breadcrumb a{text-decoration:none}.page-heading h1{max-width:940px;margin-bottom:23px}.page-heading .lead{font-size:19px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);max-width:770px}.reading-meta{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.7px;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:28px;color:var(--orange)}.reading-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:215px minmax(0,760px);justify-content:space-between;gap:60px;padding:50px 0 90px}.toc{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:125px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:20px;font-size:12px}.toc strong{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:2px;font-weight:600}.toc a{display:block;text-decoration:none;padding:9px 0;color:var(--muted)}.toc a:hover{color:var(--orange)}.prose{min-width:0;font-size:16px}.prose h2{font-size:37px;line-height:1.2;margin:50px 0 22px}.prose h2:first-child{margin-top:0}.prose h3{font-size:26px;margin:30px 0 16px}.prose p{color:#47564b}.prose a{color:#9d452a}.prose li{margin-bottom:12px;color:#47564b}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:22px}.prose blockquote{border-left:2px solid var(--orange);margin:30px 0;padding:4px 0 4px 25px;font:26px/1.5 var(--serif)}.source-note{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin:20px 0 35px}.note{background:var(--pale);border-left:3px solid #9da38b;padding:22px 25px;margin:30px 0;font-size:14px}.note p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.equation{background:#eae9dd;margin:26px 0;padding:28px 20px;overflow:auto;text-align:center;font:24px/1.8 var(--serif);border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.equation small{display:block;font:12px var(--sans);color:var(--muted);margin-top:17px}.equation math{font-size:1.12em}.year{display:inline-block;font:12px var(--sans);letter-spacing:1.5px;color:var(--orange);margin-bottom:12px}.timeline-entry{padding:0 0 30px 30px;border-left:1px solid var(--line);position:relative}.timeline-entry:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:-5px;top:5px;width:9px;height:9px;background:var(--orange);border-radius:50%}.timeline-entry h3{margin:0 0 15px}.timeline-entry p{margin-bottom:0}.portrait-inline{margin:30px 0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:250px 1fr;gap:30px;align-items:center}.portrait-inline img{max-height:350px;object-fit:contain;background:#e2dfd3}.portrait-inline figcaption{font-size:13px;margin-top:0}.work-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:26px;padding:45px 0 65px}.work-card{text-decoration:none;display:flex;flex-direction:column;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:30px;transition:background .2s}.work-card:hover{background:#e9e8dc}.work-card .work-symbol{font:46px/1.4 var(--serif);color:var(--orange);margin-bottom:24px}.work-card p{color:var(--muted);font-size:14px;max-width:470px}.work-card .card-bottom{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1px;margin-top:auto;padding-top:18px}.lab{border:1px solid #b7bfad;background:#efeee2;padding:28px;margin:32px 0}.lab h3{margin-top:0}.lab label{font-size:13px;display:block;margin-bottom:15px}.lab input[type=range]{accent-color:var(--orange);width:100%;margin:20px 0}.lab output{display:block;font:34px/1.4 var(--serif);color:var(--orange);margin:18px 0}.lab .explain{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.partition-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:10px;margin-top:20px}.partition-row{background:#e0e4d3;padding:8px 12px;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.divisor-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:20px 0}.divisor-list span{display:inline-block;padding:4px 12px;background:#dae1cf;font:16px var(--serif)}.table-scroll{overflow:auto}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:13px;margin:25px 0}td,th{text-align:left;padding:13px 15px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}th{font-size:11px;color:var(--orange);letter-spacing:1px}tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background:#eeecdf}details{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:23px 0}summary{font:23px/1.4 var(--serif);cursor:pointer;padding-right:20px}details p{margin:20px 0 0;font-size:15px}.gallery-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:35px;padding:50px 0 80px}.gallery-grid figure{margin:0}.gallery-open{display:block;width:100%;padding:0;border:0;background:#e2dfd3}.gallery-open img{height:390px;width:100%;object-fit:contain;transition:filter .2s}.gallery-open:hover img{filter:sepia(.3)}.gallery-grid h3{font-size:24px;margin-top:22px}.gallery-grid figcaption{font-size:12px}.signature{padding:45px;background:#e8e5d8;margin:0 0 45px;max-width:700px}.signature img{height:90px;width:100%;object-fit:contain}.sources-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:0 45px;padding:45px 0 70px}.source-item{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:25px 0}.source-item h3{font-size:23px;line-height:1.3;margin-bottom:12px}.source-item p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.source-item .eyebrow{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:9px}.source-item a{font-size:12px;color:var(--orange)}.next-article{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:25px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:45px;padding-top:25px;font-size:13px}.glossary{columns:2;column-gap:50px}.glossary div{break-inside:avoid;margin:0 0 25px}.glossary dt{font:25px var(--serif);margin-bottom:10px}.glossary dd{margin:0;color:var(--muted);font-size:14px}.search-dialog,.lightbox{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);max-height:85vh;width:min(670px,calc(100% - 30px));padding:30px}.search-dialog::backdrop,.lightbox::backdrop{background:#142e25c9;backdrop-filter:blur(4px)}.dialog-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:20px}.dialog-heading h2{font-size:30px;margin:0}.search-dialog input{width:100%;padding:14px;border:1px solid #aeb7a6;background:#fffef6;color:var(--ink)}.search-results{margin-top:18px;max-height:50vh;overflow:auto}.search-results a{display:block;padding:16px 4px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);text-decoration:none}.search-results strong{display:block;font:24px var(--serif)}.search-results small{color:var(--muted)}.search-tip{font-size:11px;margin:15px 0 0;color:var(--muted)}.lightbox{width:min(860px,calc(100% - 30px));padding:20px}.lightbox img{max-height:65vh;width:100%;object-fit:contain}.lightbox p{font-size:12px;margin:15px 0 0}.badge{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--orange)}.math-further{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:25px}.math-further div{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 0}.math-further h3{font-size:24px}.math-further p{font-size:14px}.print-link{border:0;background:none;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12px;padding:0}.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}[hidden]{display:none!important}
@media(min-width:1550px){.hero h1{font-size:104px}.hero-portrait img{height:550px}}
@media(max-width:1100px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 60px)}.navlinks{gap:18px}.navlinks a{font-size:12px}.hero{gap:35px}.hero h1{font-size:76px}.hero-portrait img{height:490px}.reading-layout{grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,1fr);gap:45px}.split-feature{gap:55px}}
@media(max-width:850px){.topbar{height:78px}.nav{gap:15px}.brand strong{font-size:20px}.navlinks{display:none;position:absolute;top:78px;left:0;right:0;background:var(--paper);padding:25px 30px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px}.navlinks.is-open{display:flex}.menu-button{display:inline-grid;margin-left:auto}.hero{padding-top:40px;gap:30px}.hero h1{font-size:64px;letter-spacing:-3px}.hero .intro{font-size:15px}.hero-portrait{padding-left:10px}.hero-portrait img{height:440px}.portrait-tag{font-size:16px;left:-10px;padding:10px 15px}.section{padding:60px 0}.slide{gap:30px}.slide h3{font-size:35px}.chapter-grid{gap:22px}.quote-band .wrap{grid-template-columns:1fr 3fr;gap:30px}.quote-band blockquote{font-size:29px}.reading-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-top:25px}.toc{position:static;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 20px}.toc strong{width:100%}.toc a{padding:7px 0}.gallery-open img{height:300px}.gallery-grid{gap:22px}.split-feature{gap:35px}.notebook-art{padding:25px}.notebook-art .math-line{font-size:21px}}
@media(max-width:600px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 38px)}.brand-mark{font-size:36px}.brand small{font-size:8px}.hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:40px;padding-top:38px}.hero h1{font-size:68px}.hero .intro{font-size:16px}.hero-portrait{width:100%;padding-left:16px;max-width:420px;margin:auto}.hero-portrait img{height:440px;object-position:50% 28%}.portrait-tag{bottom:65px;left:0}.hero-bottom{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.2px;align-items:start}.hero-bottom span:last-child{text-align:right}.section{padding:50px 0}.section-head{display:block}.section-head p{margin-top:20px}.section-head .text-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:20px}.eyebrow{font-size:10px;margin-bottom:18px}.slide{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px;padding:30px 0;min-height:530px;align-items:start}.slide h3{font-size:36px}.formula-art{padding:25px 10px;font-size:33px}.formula-art small{margin-top:20px}.carousel-controls{flex-wrap:wrap}.carousel-dots{gap:5px}.carousel-dots button{padding:9px 8px}.carousel-arrows{margin-left:auto}.play{min-width:80px;font-size:10px}.chapter-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0}.chapter{padding:25px 0}.chapter h3{margin-top:15px}.chapter .arrow{margin-top:12px}.quote-band{padding:42px 0}.quote-band .wrap{display:block}.quote-band blockquote{font-size:28px}.journey{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:30px 22px}.journey-item b{font-size:28px}.split-feature{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:40px}.notebook-art{margin:0 10px}.closing{display:block;padding:40px 0}.closing .button{margin-top:25px}.footer-inner{display:block}.footer-links{margin-top:25px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px 22px}.page-heading{padding-top:35px}.page-heading h1{font-size:51px;letter-spacing:-2px}.page-heading .lead{font-size:17px}.breadcrumb{margin-bottom:26px}.reading-layout{gap:30px;padding-bottom:50px}.prose{font-size:15px}.prose h2{font-size:31px;margin-top:35px}.portrait-inline{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.portrait-inline img{width:100%;max-height:420px}.work-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.work-card{padding:26px}.gallery-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:40px}.gallery-open img{height:420px}.sources-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}.glossary{columns:1}.math-further{grid-template-columns:1fr}.partition-list{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.lab{padding:20px}.lab output{font-size:29px}.quote-band .eyebrow{margin-bottom:25px}.signature{padding:20px}.equation{font-size:21px;padding:22px 12px}.next-article{flex-direction:column}.timeline-entry{padding-left:22px}.carousel-arrows .icon-button{width:38px;height:38px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*:before,*:after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}
@media print{.topbar,.toc,.footer,.actions,.carousel-controls,.search-dialog,.lightbox,.lab input,.next-article,.print-link{display:none!important}body{background:#fff;color:#000;font-size:11pt}.wrap{width:100%}.page-heading{padding:0}.page-heading h1{font-size:40pt}.reading-layout{display:block;padding:20px 0}.prose h2{break-after:avoid}.note,.equation,figure{break-inside:avoid}.hero{display:block}.hero-portrait{max-width:300px}.slide[hidden]{display:grid!important}.dark{background:#fff;color:#000}.slide p,.formula-art{color:#000}.slide{min-height:0}.gallery-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}a{color:#000!important}}

.katex{font-size:1em}.equation .katex,.formula-art .katex{font-size:1.05em}.katex-display{margin:0;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;padding:.2em 0}
.formula-art .katex-display{font-size:.9em}.slide p .katex,.prose p .katex{font-size:1em}
.plate{background:#e6dfcd;border:1px solid #d4cab4;color:#233b32;min-height:510px;padding:36px 20px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;gap:22px;text-align:center;font-size:25px}
.plate small{font:10px var(--sans);letter-spacing:2.2px;color:#626c61}.plate .katex-display{border-bottom:1px solid #b8b39c;padding-bottom:18px}
.notebook-art .katex{font-size:1em}.notebook-art .math-line{font-style:normal}
.prose ul{list-style:none;padding:0}.prose li a{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
@media(max-width:600px){.plate{min-height:380px;font-size:20px}}

/* Expanded educational sections */
.prose section h3{font-size:1.08rem;margin:1.5rem 0 .5rem;color:var(--ink,#183d32)}
.prose #deep-dive,.prose #worked-example,.prose #check-understanding{scroll-margin-top:90px}
.study-check{background:#f5f8f5;border:1px solid #d8e5dd;border-radius:14px;padding:1.1rem 1.4rem;margin:1rem 0 2rem}
.study-check li{margin:.55rem 0;line-height:1.7}.study-check details{margin-top:1rem}.study-check summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:650}