Quantum Light and Emitters
Quantization of electromagnetic fields, photons and emitter–cavity coupling.
Explore the 10 concepts
Concept 09Quantization of a cavity modeA single optical mode behaves as a quantum harmonic oscillator.Concept 10Fock states and coherent statesNumber states and coherent states have different photon statistics.Concept 11Second-order coherencePhoton correlations reveal bunching, antibunching and nonclassical emission.Concept 12Two-level quantum emittersA localized quantum emitter can absorb and radiate one excitation at a time.Concept 13Vacuum fluctuations and spontaneous emissionSpontaneous emission is governed by emitter coupling to available electromagnetic vacuum modes.Concept 14Jaynes–Cummings interactionA two-level emitter coherently exchanges excitations with one quantized cavity mode.Concept 15Purcell enhancementA resonant environment changes spontaneous-emission rates.Concept 16Strong coupling and polaritonsCoherent light–matter exchange can produce hybrid photon–emitter excitations.Concept 17Input–output theoryOpen quantum optical devices must account for driving, leakage and detected output fields.Concept 18Master equations and decoherenceLindblad evolution models Markovian loss and dephasing in open quantum systems.