Electric-dipole spin resonance
Electric gates can control spin through spin–orbit or gradient coupling.
$$H_d(t)=\hbar\Omega\cos(\omega t)\sigma_x$$
Physical intuition
Electric gates can control spin through spin–orbit or gradient coupling.
Deep dive: physical mechanism
An oscillating electric field moves the electron and generates an effective transverse spin drive.
What is measured experimentally?
Drive-frequency maps show electric-field-controlled Rabi oscillations.
Assumptions, noise and limitations
Micromagnet gradients and spin–orbit mechanisms are platform dependent.
Research and simulation exercise
Compare Rabi rate against electric-field amplitude.
Connect the ideas
Explore the chapter overview, learning path, and references.