⬡Quantum Dots and Spin Qubits

A dot can be tuned to contain one controllable electron.

Spin selection rules can inhibit interdot charge transfer.

Two electron spins encode a qubit in their singlet–triplet subspace.

Virtual tunneling creates a controllable spin–spin coupling.

A resonant oscillating field flips a spin.

Electric gates can control spin through spin–orbit or gradient coupling.

Spin states become distinguishable charge outcomes.

A resonant circuit senses tiny changes in device impedance.